Norovirus, often referred to as the stomach flu, is a highly contagious virus distinct from influenza. It spreads primarily through hand-to-mouth contact, with symptoms appearing 12 to 36 hours post-exposure. The increase in cases may be linked to reduced hygiene practices as COVID-19 precautions wane.
Dr. Thomas Pawlowski of UChicago Medicine Medical Group highlights the symptoms and provides guidance on prevention and treatment. Norovirus causes gastroenteritis, leading to vomiting, diarrhea, body aches, fever, and chills. "It’s debilitation in the sense that you’re really not going to leave the house because of the stomach pain and the overwhelming nausea and diarrhea," Pawlowski explained.
Preventive measures include frequent hand washing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, avoiding food prepared by others when possible, and thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables. Pawlowski advises against relying on hand sanitizers as they are ineffective against norovirus.
To prepare for potential illness, stock up on anti-diarrheal medication, electrolyte drinks for those over ten years old (or Pedialyte for younger children), crackers, cleaning wipes, and disposable gloves.
In terms of treatment, isolation is crucial along with slowing down stool using medication and maintaining hydration with clear liquids. Contrary to some social media claims, carbonated drinks like cola should be avoided due to potential stomach irritation. Gradually reintroduce simple foods like crackers or toast once liquids are tolerated.
Dehydration is a significant concern, especially for children and older adults. Individuals taking blood pressure medication should monitor for lightheadedness or a racing heartbeat; medical advice should be sought if these occur. Similarly, seek care if children exhibit rapid breathing or listlessness.
Recovery from norovirus typically occurs within three to five days; however, the virus can remain active in stool for up to a week after symptoms subside. Continued isolation where feasible and rigorous cleaning practices are recommended during this period.
“Even though we should be doing that every day,” said Pawlowski regarding hygiene measures post-infection, “it’s even more important once you’ve been infected.”
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